Ma`rifat Adyan

The Sankhya philosophical school, as one of the oldest philosophical systems of India, is one of the schools that has presented a systematic explanation of the theories of knowledge. According to the philosophy of Sankhya, pramana is the valid knowledge, which is defined as: definite knowledge about an object through the modification of Buddhi which reflects the consciousness of the Purusha. According to the philosophy of Sankhya, there are two types of knowledge: 1. True knowledge; 2. False knowledge. According to Sankhya's system of thought, one approach to the theories of knowledge is the theory of reflective knowledge, which has two different interpretations given by the thinkers of Sankhya's school, that is, Vachaspati Mishra and Vijnana Bhikshu. Another theory is the theory of virtue knowledge. The theory of virtue knowledge, in Sankeh's philosophy, refers to a set of epistemological theories that focus on the owner of the belief instead of the belief itself. This research shows that Sankhya's philosophy has presented important theories about knowledge and has epistemological validity of its kind. The main initiative of the philosophy of Sankhya is the theory of knowledge of virtue, which is actually a fundamental turn from focusing on the analysis of the nature of knowledge to the analysis of the owner of knowledge.