Ma`rifat Adyan

The adaptation of the Qur'an's from the New and Old Testaments is the most important theory about the sources of the Qur'an and is commonly held by Orientalists. It is mainly based on the teachings of these two scriptures. Rejecting the idea of the revelation of the Qur'an and prophecy of the prophet of Islam, this theory holds that the prophet had learned many teachings of the Testaments from some Jewish and Christian people and groups. This research aims to provide a relatively comprehensive critique of the theory of adaptation and to confirm the revelation of the Qur'an. Focusing on a number of important content and linguistic differences between the common teachings of the Qur'an and the Testaments, the researcher seeks to prove the unsoundness of the claim that the Qur'an has been adapted from the New and Old Testaments. The existence of the triple opposite, contradictory and slightly different accounts among the common historical narrations, the existence of different reports and the essential difference in the style and explanatory structure of the two and the lack of internal contradictions of the Testaments in the Qur'an are among the important differences already mentioned. The existence of a common source of revelation for the two books, the silence of a group of Jewish and Christian scholars or their converting to Islam, the severe criticism leveled by the Qur'an at the Jews and Christians, the inconsistency of adaptation with the Prophet's character, the challenge posed by the Qur'an and its emphasis on its being reveled and the association of many Quranic verses with occasions of Revelation are among the arguments against the theory of the adaptation of the Quran from the Testaments.