Abstract
Saint Anthony, the father of eastern Christian monasticism, is the promoter of solo monasticism. However, after him, the school of mass monasticism became popular which was founded by Pachomius. Aside from being popular, the monasticism of Pachomius has other features: developing a common constitution, the formation of monastery and presence in the community and politics. Preventing extremism, establishing a connection between church and monastery, creating a monastic theology and serving the community are of the positive aspects of this school. However in addition to positive aspects, there are some criticisms leveled at this school of thought: not being backed by the Holy book, having a military structure, changing the concepts of desert and asceticism, and the ease of entering to monastery even for unhealthy people. Using an analytical approach and a documentary survey, the present paper examines this monastic school analytically and critically. Setting the bible and tradition in Christian monasticism as the standard, this study deals with the era before Pachomius.
Title :بررسی انتقادی مکتب پاکومیوس در رهبانیت مسیحیت شرقی
Abstract:
آنتونی قدیس، پدر رهبانیت مسیحیت شرقی است که مروج رهبانیت فردی است. اما رهبانیتی که پس از وی رواج یافت، رهبانیت جمعی بود. این رهبانیت را پاکومیوس بنیانگذاری کرد. رهبانیت پاکومیوس، افزون بر جمعی بودن، ویژگی های دیگری هم دارد: تدوین قانون نامه مشترک، شکل گیری صومعه و حضور در اجتماع و سیاست. از جمله نکات مثبت این مکتب، جلوگیری از افراطی گری، ایجاد ارتباط میان کلیسا و صومعه، ایجاد الهیات رهبانی و ارائه خدمت به جامعه بوده است. اما در کنار این جنبه های مثبت، نقدهایی نیز به این مکتب وارد است که عبارتند از: نداشتن پشتوانه کتاب مقدسی، ساختار نظامی داشتن، تغییر مفهوم صحرا و ریاضت، سهولت ورود به صومعه، حتی برای افراد ناسالم. این مقاله، با رویکرد تحلیلی و بررسی اسنادی، به بررسی تحلیلی و انتقادی این مکتب رهبانی، با معیار قرار دادن کتاب مقدس و سنت موجود در رهبانیت مسیحی، پیش از پاکومیوس می پردازد.
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, Seyed morteza, Mefatah URD , Ahmadreza.(2024) A Critical Analysis of Pachomius School in the Eastern Christian Monasticism. Ma`rifat-e Adyan, 7(3), 47-64
Seyed morteza ; Ahmadreza Mefatah URD ."A Critical Analysis of Pachomius School in the Eastern Christian Monasticism". Ma`rifat-e Adyan, 7, 3, 2024, 47-64