Ma`rifat-e Adyan, Volume 5, Issue 1, No 17, Year 2025 , Pages 43-67
Hope Theology; One theology, Two traditions, Two approaches; A Review of eternity of Spirit and the Concept of afterlife Term from the view points of Karh Rahner and Jürgen Moltmann
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Abstract
Karh Rahner, a Catholic philosopher and theologian, addressing the idea of the spirit in this world, which has roots in the transcendental anthropology of spirit, discusses the question of eternity of spirit in afterlife term. Criticizing Plato's view, he believes that spirits in this world do not perish after death and thinks that this world is like a body for spirits. He believes that the intermediary world of spirits and the catharsis occurs in this world. Jürgen Moltmann, a protestant philosopher and theologian, has developed Plato's theory of eternity of spirits making use of aspiration theology. He believes that there is hope in this world for the salvation of all human beings. Although he does not reject the logical notion of the existence of hell, he considers God's will for chastising His servants is against God's love for His servants. Expounding the views of these two philosophers on the basis of two different approaches and one theology, this paper seeks to find out the roots of church allegations about the symbolic nature of heaven and hell through a study of the critics mentioned by their co-religionists.
چکیده و کلیدواژه فارسی (Persian)
Title :الهیات امید: یک الهیات، دو سنت، دو رویکرد؛ بررسی جاودانگی روح و حیات پس از مرگ از دیدگاه کارل رانر و یورگن مولتمان
Abstract:
کارل رانر، فیلسوف و الهیدان کاتولیک، با بیان روح در جهان، که ریشه در انسان شناسی استعلایی روح دارد، بحث جاودانگی روح پس از مرگ را مطرح می کند. وی با نقد دیدگاه افلاطون، قائل به بقای ارواح پس از مرگ در همین دنیا بوده و جهان را به سان پیکری برای ارواح دانسته، معتقد است: برزخ ارواح و پاک سازی آنها در همین دنیا صورت می گیرد. دیگر فیلسوف و الهیدان پروتستان، یورگن مولتمان، با ابزار الهیات امید، نظریه جاودانگی روح افلاطون را تکامل بخشیده و فرجام دنیا را امید به رستگاری همه انسان ها می داند. او گرچه امکان منطقی وجود جهنم را منکر نمی شود، اما خواست خدا بر سوزاندن و بقای در عذاب بندگان را منافی عشق خدا به بندگان می داند. این مقاله، درصدد است تا با بررسی و تحلیل نظرات این دو فیلسوف با دو رویکرد متفاوت، اما با یک الهیات و همچنین با تأمل در انتقاداتی که از سوی هم کیشان آنان وارد گردیده، ریشه اظهارت اخیر کلیسا مبنی بر نمادین بودن بهشت و جهنم را دریابد.
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, Zohreh.(2025) Hope Theology; One theology, Two traditions, Two approaches; A Review of eternity of Spirit and the Concept of afterlife Term from the view points of Karh Rahner and Jürgen Moltmann. Ma`rifat-e Adyan, 5(1), 43-67
Zohreh ."Hope Theology; One theology, Two traditions, Two approaches; A Review of eternity of Spirit and the Concept of afterlife Term from the view points of Karh Rahner and Jürgen Moltmann". Ma`rifat-e Adyan, 5, 1, 2025, 43-67
, Z.(2025) 'Hope Theology; One theology, Two traditions, Two approaches; A Review of eternity of Spirit and the Concept of afterlife Term from the view points of Karh Rahner and Jürgen Moltmann', Ma`rifat-e Adyan, 5(1), pp. 43-67
