Early Reactions of the Catholic Church to the Theory of "Evolution"
Article Type:
Research
Writers:
✍️ Yaser Abozadeh Gatabi
/ PhD in Religions and Mysticism, the Imam Khomeini Institute for Education and Research / y.a.g@chmail.ir
/ PhD in Religions and Mysticism, the Imam Khomeini Institute for Education and Research / y.a.g@chmail.irSayed Ali Hassani Amoli / Associate Professor of Religions and Mysticism at Department of Imam Khomeini Educational and Research Institute / sa.hasani@iki.ac.ir
/ Associate Professor of Religions and Mysticism at Department of Imam Khomeini Educational and Research Institute / sa.hasani@iki.ac.irAbstract:
The publication of Darwin's first evolutionary work during the headship of Pius IX in the papal office and in the era of general favor of Western scientists to modern scientific currents and Darwin’s opinions about the origin and evolution of vital species and how the first human generation was formed, created a serious challenge to Christian theology. The first reactions of the Catholic Church against evolutionism are the formation of the Cologne Council of Germany, the First Vatican Council and the publication of the "Catholic Civilization", which was supported by the Pope. Introducing and explaining these three reactions and also providing their feedbacks, this article points out how these three Catholic currents initially defended against the evolutionism current, and investigates to what extent they influenced the theology of the present Catholic Church, using a descriptive-analytical method of compilation.
چکیده و کلیدواژه فارسی (Persian)
Title :واکنش‌های اولیه کلیسای کاتولیک در قبال نظریه «تکامل»
Abstract:
انتشار اولین اثر تکاملی داروین در زمان صدارت پیوس نهم در مسند پاپی و در عصر اقبال عمومی دانشمندان غربی به جریان های نوین علمی و نظرات او راجع به پیدایش و تطور گونه های حیاتی و چگونگی شکل گیری نسل اولیه بشر، چالشی جدی در مقابل الهیات مسیحی ایجاد نمود. تشکیل شورای کلن آلمان، شورای اول واتیکان و انتشار نشریه «تمدن کاتولیک» که با حمایت پاپ صورت گرفت، اولین واکنش های کلیسای کاتولیک در مقابل جریان تکاملگرایی محسوب می شود. این نوشتار که با رویکردی توصیفی ـ تحلیلی گردآوری شده، درصدد است تا با معرفی و تبیین این سه واکنش و همچنین ارائه بازخوردهای حاصل از این واکنش ها، به نحوه دفاع اولیه این سه جریان کاتولیکی در مقابل جریان تکامل گرایی اشاره نموده، میزان تأثیرگذاری آنها در الهیات کنونی کلیسای کاتولیک را بررسی کند.
References:
- کتاب مقدس (ترجمه قدیم)، 1384، تهران، اسماء.
- Allen, Jeffrey A, 2012, Faith and Reason in the First Vatican Council's Dei Filius" and the Writings of Bernard Lonergan, PhD diss., University of St. Michael's College.
- ----- , 2016, "A Commentary on the First Vatican Council’s Dei Filius", Irish Theological Quarterly, N. 81.2, p. 138-151.
- Ankerberg, John, John Weldon, and Dillon Burroughs, 2009, The Facts on Roman Catholicism, Harvest House Publishers.
- Arnold, Claus, 2010, "Internal Church Reform in Catholic Germany", The Churches, p. 159-184.
- Artigas, Mariano, et al, 2006, Negotiating Darwin: the Vatican Confronts Evolution, 1877–1902, JHU Press.
- Blancke, Stefaan, 2013, "Catholic Responses to Evolution, 1859–2009: Local Influences and Mid‐Scale Patterns", Journal of Religious History, N. 37, p. 353-368.
- Brundell, Barry, 2001, "Catholic Church politics and evolution theory, 1894–1902", The British Journal for the History of Science, N. 34.1, p. 81-95.
- Carson, Thomas, and Joann Cerrito, 2003, "The New Catholic Encyclopedia", V. 5, Gale, Washington DC, USA.
- Chaberek, Michael, 2015, Catholicism & Evolution: A History from Darwin to Pope Francis, Angelico Press, USA.
- Chaberek, Michael, and Rômulo Carleial, 2022, "Human Origins Revisited: On the Recognition of Rationality and the Antiquity of the Human Race", Studia Gilsoniana, N. 11, p. 249-287.
- Dahl, José David Lebovitch, 2003, "The role of the Roman Catholic Church in the formation of modern anti-semitism: La Civiltà Cattolica, 1850-1879", Modern Judaism, N. 23.2, p. 180-197.
- Darwin, Charles, 1909, The Origin of Species, New York, PF Collier & Son.
- Flaman, Paul JP., 2016, "Evolution, the origin of human persons, and original sin: Physical continuity with an ontological leap", The Heythrop Journal, N. 57, p. 568-583.
- Harrison, Brian W., 2001, "Early Vatican responses to evolutionist theology", Living tradition, Organ of the Roman Theological Forum, V. 93, p. http://www.rtforum.org/lt/lt93.html
- Heft, James L, 2008, "Evolution and Catholicism: A Few Modest Proposals", Horizons, N. 35, p. 203-227.
- Hess, Peter MJ, and Paul L. Allen, 2008, Catholicism and Science, Greenwood Press.
- Holt, Niles. R, 1971, "Ernst Haeckel's monistic religion", Journal of the History of Ideas, N. 32(2), p. 265-280.
- Klumpenhouwer, Samuel, 2011, "Early Catholic Responses to Darwin's Theory of Evolution", Saeculum Undergraduate Academic Journal, N. 7.1, p. 30-47.
- Kung, Hans, 2008, the Beginning of All Things: Science and Religion, Wm, B. Eerdmans Publishing.
- Logan, Oliver, 2004, "A Journal. La Civiltà Cattolica from Pius IX to Pius XII (1850-1958) 1", Studies in Church History, N. 38, p. 375-385.
- Manning, Henry Edward, 1871, the Vatican Council and Its Definitions: A Pastoral Letter to the Clergy, D. & J. Sadlier.
- Messenger, Ernest C., 1932, Evolution and Theology: The Problem of Man's Origin, Macmillan.
- Monti, James, 1997, The King's Good Servant but God's First: The Life and Writings of Saint Thomas More, Ignatius Press.
- Morrison, John Lee, 1951, A History of American Catholic Opinion on the Theory of Evolution, 1859-1950, University of Missouri-Columbia.
- Nieminen, Petteri, 2015, A Unified Theory of Creationism: Argumentation, Experiential Thinking and Emerging Doctrine, Diss, Itä-Suomen yliopisto.
- Phy-Olsen, Allene, 2010, Evolution, Creationism, and Intelligent Design, ABC-CLIO.
- Romeiras, Francisco Malta, 2019, Jesuits and the Book of Nature: Science and Education in Modern Portugal, Brill, Boston.
- Ruse, Michael, Ed, 2013, The Cambridge Encyclopedia of Darwin and Evolutionary Thought, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press.
- Wolters, Gereon, 2009, "The Catholic Church and Evolutionary Theory: A Conflict Model", Pontifical Academy of Sciences, Acta 20, p. 450-470.
- Zahm, John Augustine, 1896, Evolution and dogma, D. H. MCBRIDE & CO, Chicago.
Copyright © 2023 The Author(s). This article is published under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Cite this article:
RIS
Mendeley
BibTeX
APA
MLA
HARVARD
VANCOUVER
Abozadeh Gatabi, Yaser, Hassani Amoli , Sayed Ali. (2023) Early Reactions of the Catholic Church to the Theory of "Evolution". معرفت ادیان (Ma`rifat Adyan), 14(4), 107-118
Yaser Abozadeh Gatabi; Sayed Ali Hassani Amoli ."Early Reactions of the Catholic Church to the Theory of "Evolution"". معرفت ادیان (Ma`rifat Adyan), 14, 4, 2023, 107-118
Abozadeh Gatabi, Y, Hassani Amoli , S.(2023) 'Early Reactions of the Catholic Church to the Theory of "Evolution"', معرفت ادیان (Ma`rifat Adyan), 14(4), pp. 107-118
