Ma`rifat Adyan

One of the main characteristics of the Protestant movement, which is fully evident in the actions of its leaders, especially Martin Luther, is the opposition and confrontation with the religious authority in the Catholic Church, headed by the Pope the "Reformation" was opposed not to the Pope or a specific institution, but to the principle of the authority of the Pope and the authority of the church. Challenging the authority and authority of church and institutions and emphasizing slogans such as "only the Bible", reformers tried to introduce the Bible as "the only real authority of religion"; But due to the fact that different interpretations of the Bible are always possible, changing the authority created more important problems in practice, which we call the "crisis of authority". In fact, reforming the existing authority, Protestant leaders destroyed the original building of religious authority and created such chaos that their other efforts to rebuild this building were useless. Considering the danger of the influence of Protestantism in Islamic society, especially among Muslim intellectuals, this paper has investigated the causes and factors, formation process and consequences of this problem with a descriptive-analytical method.