Ma`rifat Adyan

The present paper tries to discuss briefly "the relationship between faith and reason" and "the relationship between religion and philosophy". It also discusses the methodology of theology and how this relationship can be established with "modern science" and culture. Theology is a normative science and based on rationality, which needs interactions with all human and social sciences and even natural sciences. Using diverse methods of argumentation, it "justifies cognitively" the religious propositions. Making known the rational nature of theology as an independent and distinct science, this paper discusses its functions, its links with the culture of the society, its position and necessity in order to clarify what needs are met by theology, why it has flourished in the context of nearly all religions, as it is present in the context of all religious traditions now.