Ma`rifat Adyan

The causes of man's descent and captivity in this world and finding the ways of man's emancipation from the matter are among the questions with which mystical texts the world over are concerned. This issue which is a source of interest to Sankhya School and related to the religious-mystical tradition of Hinduism, is reflected in that various texts of this school, and of course, it is a common thought to of all Indian schools. This issue is also raised by Rumi in his works, and man's captivity and emancipation represent the most important themes of Rumi's poems. There are significant differences and similarities between these two attitudes. With regard to emancipation Sankhya emphasizes on man's efforts, but the emphasis in Rumi's thoughts is on God. Regarding the similarities, we can say that both of them look at man's captivity as universal and anthropological issue, because man's nature and life are associated with negligence, which results in man's captivity. Among the objective factors of this captivity are: imaginary knowledge, ignorance, engagement in wishes. According to Sankhya self-discipline enable man to finds the ways and means of emancipation. Both sides regard spiritual wayfaring as a way of emancipation, but Rumi adopts a universal attitude while Sankhya has a specific program like Yoga.