معرفت ادیان

This research, using a comparative approach, examines the concept of "excommunication of sins"; a theological concept that refers to the process of erasing and nullifying the evil effects of sin through righteous deeds and establishes a fundamental connection with the explanation of hereafter bliss.Within the framework of Islamic theology, "takfir" is a term rooted in Quranic texts and narrations, emphasizing the active role of acts of worship and individual moral commitment in removing the consequences of sin.Muslim theological and exegetical interpretations all agree in some way on the belief that good deeds can conditionally and in specific cases lead to the disappearance of bad deeds.In contrast, in Christian theology, although the terminology of "takfir" in its Islamic sense is not used, concepts such as "sacrifice," "salvation," and "atonement" have a central place.These teachings are based on the premise that the death of Jesus Christ on the cross is the sole means of divine forgiveness and the only way for humanity to be freed from the consequences of original sin and individual errors.The present study, by adopting a descriptive-analytical method and utilizing reliable library resources, explains and compares these two paradigms.The research findings show that while in Christian theology the role of man in the process of salvation is marginalized, Islamic theology, by emphasizing individual agency and responsibility, outlines a dynamic and conditional mechanism for forgiveness As a result, a rethinking of Christianity and Islamic superiority in creating a link between human agency and divine forgiveness is emphasized.